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Fatawā of Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Laden authored two fatāwā in the late 1990s. The first was published in August 1996 and the second in February 1998.〔 At the time, bin Laden was not a wanted man in any country except his native Saudi Arabia, and was not yet known as the leader of the international terrorist organization al-Qaeda. Therefore, these fatāwā received relatively little attention until after the August 1998 United States embassy bombings, for which bin Laden was indicted.〔(Copy of indictment ) USA v. Usama bin Laden et al., Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies〕 The indictment mentions the first fatwā, and claims that Khalid al-Fawwaz, of bin Laden's Advice and Reformation Committee in London, participated in its communication to the press.
==1996 fatwā==
Bin Laden's 1996 fatwā is entitled "Declaration of War against the Americans Occupying the Land of the Two Holy Places". This document is sometimes called the ''Ladenese epistle'', a term derived from bin Laden's surname. It is a long piece, and complains of American activities in numerous countries. It was faxed to supporters across the world.〔Bergen, Peter, ''Holy War, Inc.'', 2001〕 It first appeared in the London-based Arabic paper ''Al-Quds Al-Arabi''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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